173

INDEX

Abreaction, 109, 133, 151, 162

Actual neuroses, 55, 114, 115, 150

Adler, Alfred, 130, 131

Affect, Affective states—

and anxiety, 24, 96, 99, 101, 113,
128, 152

as reproduction of early experi-
ences, 24, 25, 99

repression of, 69, 76

suppression of, 18

unknown nature of, 96

After-expulsion, 25, 26

Aggressive impulses—

and analysis, 69

and instinct of destruction, 82

and libido (see under Libido)

and regression (see under Re-
gression)

as object of repression, 41, 48, 49,
82–85

in obsessional neurosis, 67–70

Agoraphobia, 53, 88, 89, 119

Ambivalence, 40, 42, 43, 48, 61, 77,
85, 145

American Boy, case of, 45, 46

Amnesia, 76, 156

Animal phobias (see Phobias)

Anti-Cathexis, 143–147, 156

and analysis, 147

external and internal, 146, 147

Anxiety—

abnormal reactions of, 128

affinity of, with expectation, 158

(see also Expectation)

and birth; and castration; and
danger; and repression; and
symptoms, etc., etc. (see
under respective headings)

as abreaction, 109, 133, 151, 162

as arising from ego, 23, 53–56,
112, 113, 114, 151, 153

Anxiety (contd.)—

as arising from libido, 53–56, 80,
81, 114, 150, 151, 154

as automatic phenomenon, 23,
108, 112, 113, 153

as signal, 87, 94, 102, 108, 109,
112, 113, 121, 152, 159, 162

(see also Signal of anxiety)

biological basis of, 24, 100, 108,
152

determinants of, 109, 115, 117,
118, 124–128, 132

displacement of, 108, 162

expedient and inexpedient, 101,
102, 107, 128, 152, 164 n.

in childhood and later, 109–112

in infancy, 103–109

indefiniteness in, 158, 161

moral (social), 91, 111, 123, 125

neurotic and objective, 153, 158–
160, 163, 164

outbreaks of, 25, 26, 55, 159

physical accompaniments of, 97,
98, 100, 101

preparedness for, 55, 105, 165

return of, 128

Anxiety-Attacks, 90

Anxiety-Hysteria, 57

Anxiety-Situations: Anxiety-States
(see Anxiety)

Birth, Birth-Trauma—

and anxiety, 25, 94, 99–109, 131,
132, 134, 151, 152, 168, 169

and danger, 102, 107, 115, 131,
132, 152

and early phobias, 103–105

and liability to neurosis, 132–
135

and sexual aetiology of neuroses,
135

174

Birth, Birth-Trauma (contd.)
—and situation of helplessness (see
under Helplessness)
as separation from mother, 94,
95, 106
economic disturbance at, 102,
107, 111
memory of, in child, 103, 104, 107
non-existence of object at, 95,
109, 168
RANK’s theory of, 103, 104, 131–
135, 151
‘Blowing away’, 74

Castration—
as danger, 82, 85, 91, 94, 109,
110, 111, 115, 117, 124, 125
birth as, 94
fear of (see Castration-Anxiety)
loss of breast and faeces as, 93
Castration-Anxiety—
and loss of object, 94, 106, 109–
111
and moral (social) anxiety, 91
and Oedipus complex, 52, 64
as motive force of defence (re-
pression), 51, 52, 64, 80–82,
117
fear of death as, 93
in obsessional neurosis, 90, 91
in phobias, 53, 54, 80, 82, 85, 87,
88, 118
in women, 81, 117
Castration complex (see Castration-
Anxiety)
Cathartic method, 133
Ceremonials, 67, 74, 126
Character-Formation, 65, 144
Coitus interruptus, 55
Compulsion, 14, 27, 40
to repeat (see Repetition-Com-
pulsion)
Consciousness, exclusion from, 20,
116ⁿ, 156
Conversion-Hysteria—
and anxiety, 57, 58, 80, 154
discontinuance of, 126
symptoms in, 58–60, 80
Copulation, FERENCZI’s theory of,
110
Cronos, myth of, 46

Danger, Danger-Situation—
and birth; and helplessness; and
loss of object; and symptoms,
etc. (see under respective head-
ings)
and traumatic situation, 113,
160–162, 164
anxiety as reaction to, 87, 91,
100–102, 107, 108, 109, 120,
112, 170–171, 169
biological factor in, 140
displacements of, 108, 109, 111,
115, 116, 124, 153, 162
in infancy, 106–108, 115
internal (instinctual) and ex-
ternal (objective), 23, 86–88,
90, 93, 122, 123, 141, 142, 159,
160, 163, 164
interposed between anxiety and
symptom, 120
nature of, 102, 106, 107, 160, 161,
162
neurotic, 159, 163
recognition of, 164
retention of, 115, 126–128, 138,
139
Death, fear of, 92, 93, 112
Defence, Defensive process—
and symptom-formation (see
Symptoms—defensive
struggle against)
appropriateness of, 124–127
as affecting instinctual processes,
123, 124
as flight, 121–123
as inclusive concept, 64, 65, 154–
158
maintained by resistance, 144
Defusion of instinct, 63, 66
Delusional constructions, 36
Dichronous symptoms, 74
Discomfort, and anxiety, 91
Displacement of object, 42, 43, 85,
87

Economic situation—(see also Birth
—economic disturbance at)
anxiety arising from, 87, 94, 107,
108, 112
as danger, 106–108

175

INDEX

Economic situation (contd.)—
produced by pain, 165, 171
Ego—
and consciousness, 21, 22, 28
and external reality, 27, 28, 73,
141, 142
and the Id, 17, 21, 22, 28, 31, 32, 123,
124, 141, 142, 157
and super-ego, 17, 31, 69, 70, 93
anxiety not felt by, 113
as organization, 32, 33
functions of (see Functions of
ego)
in obsessional neurosis, 61, 71,
72, 73
restriction of, 32, 33, 136, 137
strength of, 21, 22, 28
synthesizing tendency of, 33–37,
61
Ego-Anxiety, 113, 151
Ego and the Id, The, 151
Epinosic gain, 36, 149
Expectation, anxiety as, 158, 161,
162

Fear and anxiety, 158
Ferenczi, Sandor, 110
Flight (see under Defence; Re
pression)
Functions of the ego—
disturbances of, 12–16
eroticization of, 16, 17, 73
restriction of, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18

Genital organization, 62, 63, 67,
84
Gratification of need (see under
Object)

Helplessness, situation of—
and anxiety and danger, 106–
108, 114, 115, 120, 160–162,
164
and object (see under Object
Loss)
biological factor in, 108, 109
in birth and infancy, 106–108,
114, 115, 120, 163
traumatic situation as, 160, 161,
164, 165

Hostile impulses (see Aggressive
impulses)
Hysteria—
affinity of, with women, 117, 118
amnesia in, 76, 156
and fear of sexual functions, 13
and loss of love, 118
anti-cathexis in, 144, 145, 146
onset of, 63
reaction-formation in; repression
in (see under respective headings)
symptoms in (see Hysterical
symptoms)
Hysterical Attacks, 24, 25, 99, 101
Hysterical conversions, 33
Hysterical symptoms, 13, 15, 34, 62
Id—
and ego (see under Ego)
anxiety not felt by, 113
Id-Anxiety, 151
Id-impulses (see Repressed im
pulses)
Inhibitions—
and anxiety, 13, 39, 85, 86, 87, 113
and mourning, 18
and symptoms, 11, 12, 19, 39,
120
as restriction of function, 11, 16,
18, 39, 86
as self-punishment, 17
general, 17, 18
specific, 16
Instinctual gratification—
and compulsion, 27
and unpleasure, 21
in hysterical symptoms, 34
in obsessional symptoms, 60, 61,
65, 71
Instinctual impulses—
anxiety arising from (see Anxiety
—as arising from libido)
repression of (see Repressed im
pulses)
Intra-Uterine life—
and phobias, 104
continuity between, and infancy,
109
shortness of, in human species,
139

176

Isolating, 75–80, 156, 157
and analysis, 78

LAFORGUE, René, 146
Latency-Period, 64–67, 144
Libido—
and aggressive impulses, 49, 68,
82–84
as object of repression, 50, 51,
82–85
development of, 67, 68, 140, 141
narcissistic, 92, 102
transformation of, into anxiety
(see Anxiety—as arising from
libido)

LITTLE Hans, Case of, 38–53, 82–86
Locomotion, disturbances of, 15
Loss of love, 117, 118, 122, 168
Loss of object (see Object-Loss)

Masochistic impulses, 70, 164 n.
Masturbation, 65, 66
Mental apparatus, differentiation of,
111, 116 n., 120, 151, 157 (see
also Ego—and id)
Mother—
as gratifying need (see under
Object)
separation from (see Separation)
Motility, affected by repression, 27,
116 n.
Mourning—
and anxiety, 95, 97, 166
and inhibition, 18
pain in, 95, 166
as reaction to loss of object, 95,
166, 172
quality of displeasure in, 97
task of, 18, 172
‘Mourning and Melancholia’, 166 n.

Narcissism, and libido, 92
Narcissistic gratification, 36
Neurosis—
and early phobias, 105
and Oedipus complex, 62, 64, 65,
80
anxiety and, 57, 117, 128, 158,
163

Neurosis (contd.)—
as episode of childhood, 126, 127,
128
form of, and danger-situation,
116
problem of causation of, 129–
142
sexual aetiology of, 135
task of, 147
three factors in, 139–142
women prone to, 117
Non-Gratification of need, 106,
107, 165
Nutrition, disturbances of, 14, 15

Object—
and gratification of need, 106,
109, 168, 169
importance of, to infant, 140, 164
lack of, in anxiety, 158, 161
missing of (see Object-Loss)
non-existence of, at birth, 95,
109, 168
Object-Loss—
and anxiety, 94, 95, 105–110, 165,
166–169
and helplessness, 106, 107, 110,
162, 163
as danger, 108, 111, 115, 117,
124, 132, 165, 166, 168, 169
as traumatic situation, 168
later development of, 109–112,
132, 162, 168
mourning and pain as reactions
to (see under Mourning; Pain)
Obsessional actions, 14, 119, 120
Obsessional neurosis—
affinity of, with men, 118
aggressive impulses in, 67–69
ambivalence in, 61, 78
and analysis, 78
and ceremonials, 126
anti-cathexis in, 144–146, 156
anxiety in, 80, 90, 91, 119
danger-situation in, 90
isolation in (see Isolating)
onset of, 63
reaction-formation in; regression
in; repression in (see under
respective headings)

177

INDEX

Obsessional neurosis (contd.)—
super-ego in, 64, 66, 68, 69, 70,
71, 72, 90, 118
symptoms in, 36, 60–79, 90
undoing in (see Undoing what
has been done)
weakness of genital organization
in, 62, 63
Obsessional systems, 36
Oedipus complex, 41, 49, 50, 52,
62, 64, 65, 80, 82
Oral stage, 47, 48, 52, 84
Organic inferiority, ADLER’s theory
of, 130, 131
Pain—
and anxiety, 95, 97, 166, 169
and economic situation, 165, 171
and unpleasure, 97, 171
as reaction to loss, 95, 166, 167,
169, 170, 171, 172
causation of, 169–172
determinants of, 125
in conversion-hysteria, 58, 59
in mourning, 95, 166
physical and mental, 170, 171
Paranoia, 36, 37
‘Passing of the Oedipus-Complex,
The’, 116 n.
Passive impulses, 48, 50, 51, 52, 83
Penis, narcissistic value of, 110
Perceptual system (Pept.-
Cs.), 22
Phobias—
anti-cathexis in, 146
anxiety in, 42, 51, 52, 57, 80, 85–
87, 90
danger-situation in, 86–89
displacement in, 42, 43, 85, 87
duration of, 105, 126, 127, 165
feminine significance of, 164 n.
in early childhood, 103–105,
165
onset of, 41, 45, 90
reaction-formation in; regression
in; repression in (see under re-
spective headings)
stability of, 90
Pleasure, 21, 27
Pleasure-Principle, 22, 121
Pleasure-Unpleasure, operation of,
22, 85, 112, 120, 152

Protective barrier against stimuli,
26, 169
Psycho-
Neurosis, and actual neu-
rosis, 114
Puberty, 67, 68, 140, 141
RANK, OTTO, 103, 104, 131, 132,
133, 134, 135, 151
Reaction-Formation—
and ambivalence, 40, 42, 145
and anti-cathexis, 144, 156
and character-formation, 65, 144
in hysteria, 65, 144, 145
in obsessional neurosis, 64, 65,
68, 144, 145, 156
repression by, 40
subsumed under defence, 65,
155–158
Reality—
relation of ego to, 28, 73, 141, 142
testing by, in mourning, 172
Regression—
and aggressive impulses, 68
and defusion of instinct, 63, 66
and internal anti-cathexis, 147
and repression, 47, 156
constitutional and time factors in,
62, 63
in obsessional neurosis, 62–65, 66,
68, 156
in phobias, 46–49, 52, 89
subsumed under defence, 47, 63,
64, 155–158
Repetition-Compulsion, 75, 137,
138
and analysis, 148
Repressed impulses, behaviour of,
21, 32, 33, 116 n., 136–138, 141,
142, 143, 145, 146, 148
Repression—
affects motility, 27, 116 n.
and analysis, 138
and anxiety, 23, 24, 53–56, 112,
113
and external anti-cathexis, 146
and gratification, 21, 27
and libidinal level, 84, 85, 157
and objective difficulties, 138
and repressed impulses (see Re-
pressed impulses)

178

Repression (contd.)—
and symptoms, 20, 27, 32, 116 n.
as flight, 23, 136
castration-anxiety as motive force
of, 51, 52
characteristic of hysteria, 65, 66,
155, 156, 157
excludes from consciousness, 20,
116 n., 156
fixation in, 137, 138
in obsessional neurosis, 69, 70,
73, 156
in phobias, 40, 41, 43, 44, 47–53,
82–85
in two situations, 26
primary, 25, 26
removal of, 137, 148
requires permanent expenditure
of energy, 143, 144
rôle of super-ego in, 20, 26
subsumed under defence, 64, 65,
155–158

Resistance—
and anti-cathexis, 143, 144, 147
five kinds of, 149, 150
protects repression, 144
removal of, 147, 148

Sadism (see Aggressive impulses)
Scotomization, 146
Secondary gain (see Epinosic gain)
Secondary struggle against symp-
toms (see Symptoms—de-
fensive struggle against)
Separation from mother—
in physical sense, 95, 108, 109,
132, 168
in psychological sense (see
Object-Loss)
Sexual functions, disturbances of,
12–14
Signal of anxiety—(see also Anxiety
—as signal)
and danger-situation, 161, 162
(see also Danger—anxiety as
reaction to)
and inhibition, 85, 113
and pleasure-unpleasure, 85, 112,
152
and traumatic situation, 161
‘Spoiling’, effect of, 162

Super-ego—
abandonment by, 93
and early anxiety, 26
and ego, 17, 31, 69, 70
and symptoms, 35, 66
anxiety not felt by, 113
as depersonalized parent, 90, 111
based on social prototypes, 111
fear of, 90, 111, 112, 122, 125, 127
formation of, 64, 66, 157
in repression, 20, 26, 69, 70
severity of (see Obsessional
neurosis—super-ego in)
Symptom—
and inhibitions (see under In-
hibitions)
and repression (see under Re-
pression)
anxiety as, 42, 119
as prohibition and as gratifica-
tion, 60, 70, 71
as punishment, 34
as substitutive formation, 20, 37,
58, 85, 116 n., 121
defensive struggle against, 33–37,
57, 59, 60, 90
displacement as, 42
effects alterations in id, 121
in conversion-hysteria; in ob-
sessional neurosis; in phobias
(see under respective headings)
likened to foreign body, 33, 35
likened to frontier position, 34
narcissistic gratification from, 36
prevents anxiety and danger,
85–91, 114, 119–121
Symptom-Formation (see Symp-
tom)
Syphilidophobia, 127
Taboo of touching, 78
Tension due to need, 106, 110, 114
Totemistic thought, 42
Trauma, Traumatic situation—
abreaction of, 109, 133, 151, 162
amnesia in regard to, 76
and birth (see under Birth)
anxiety in regard to, 113, 161,
162
as situation of helplessness (see
under Helplessness)

179

INDEX

Trauma, Traumatic situation
  (contd.)—
  dangers in, 164 (see also Danger
  —and traumatic situation)
  endeavour to undo, 75
  isolation of, 76
  mastering of, 162
  missing mother as, 168
  return of, 128
  Trauma of Birth, The, 103 n., 131
  Traumatic neuroses—
  aetiology of, 91–94
  and actual neurosis, 115

Unpleasure (contd.)—
  and repression, 21, 24, 27
  and tension, 96, 97
  due to increase of excitation, 24,
  98, 102, 171
  in conversion-hysteria, 59
  signal of, 22, 27
  transformation of pleasure into,
  21

War-Neuroses (see Traumatic neu-
  roses)

Weltanschauungen, 28, 29

Wolf-Dream, 45, 47, 51

Wolf-Man, case of, 45–53, 83,
  86

Undoing what has been done, 14,
  73–75, 157

Women—
  and castration-complex, 81, 117
  and functions of sex, 13

Unpleasure—
  and anxiety, 23, 96, 97, 98, 121,
  150, 172
  and mourning, 97
  and pain, 97, 172

Work, inhibition in, 15, 16

‘Working through’, 148, 149